Professional Communition Cultural Sensitivity Essay

Professional Communication and Cultural Sensitivity The United States is increasingly becoming a multiethnic, multicultural group of citizens. Life is no longer similar for all individuals. As people migrate they bring with them their cultural views, beliefs and language (Bhugra and Becker, 2005). In order to live together with respect, dignity and without prejudice for all, the country has had to educate itself on the beliefs and values of these vast cultures migrating to what they perceive as a land of opportunity whether this be for economic, education, or political reasons. For the most part in today’s world, cultural groups are intertwined in where they live, work, and attend school. To maintain a civil society, awareness†¦show more content†¦Nurses need to identify patients from a specific cultural background and engage the resources available to assist with communication and to accommodate the patient’s beliefs and traditions while providing care. The Old Order Amish In an article by Graham and Cates (2006), they address Old Order Amish population and their view of medical care. This group is Christian with an emphasis on family and community over one’s self. They believe in physical labor with a strong commitment to the church. The Amish believe that their life is in God’s hands and prayer is prominent in their lives. Education for this group is through the eighth grade as they do not believe in higher education. The primary mode of transportation for this group is the horse and buggy while food provisions are from the land they farm. In understanding healthcare in this group, the Amish are not opposed to western medicine however the monetary aspect can influence care. They will seek alternative methods of treatment such as herbs, vitamins, and reflexology prior to seeking care traditional western medical care. If this group deems a particular procedure too costly they may decline related to the financial constraints it would put on the community as a whole. They do not believe in extraordinary life saving measures as this can be viewed as against God’s will. They are a very stoic group believing that complaining is complaining against God. They do not believe in birth control as they

Caring for Children Free Essays

For unit 8 you must put together a portfolio of research into a number of different topics as indicated by the headings below. The portfolio should include current and relevant research, information and materials from a variety of sources, refer to child development and identify, where appropriate, the relevance of current legislation. The portfolio may include documents generated through different aspects of your work such as: action plans, curriculum and routine plans, notes of activities, images, audio files, narrative accounts, media other than text, reports and presentations, leaflets, booklets, diaries and other suitable ways of showing research information and materials. We will write a custom essay sample on Caring for Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout the portfolio you should ensure that you address diversity and inclusive practice where appropriate for the task. You may use appropriate materials from this portfolio to contribute towards your external Research assessment task. Portfolio Content E1 Collate evidence which describes the role of the practitioner in caring for children (Gather and present information about the role of the practitioner when caring for children. This could include: meeting the needs and supporting the rights of children, working with their families, working in a team and with other professionals, compliance with legal requirements, care of themselves (the practitioner), training and development, attitudes/values of practitioners, inclusive practice)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A1 Include a reflective account of the role of the practitioner in caring for children (Develop the information gathered for E1 and use your experiences to consider and show understanding of your practice in caring for children.  Use this reflection to suggest appropriate ways you could develop your role as a practitioner when working with children). E2 Collate information about how care for children may be provided within families and society (Gather and present information about the many different ways children are cared for by families and by society. This may include: types of family care plus the range of statutory, voluntary, private and independent settings) E3 Include evidence which compares the differing roles of statutory, private, voluntary and independent settings (Provide evidence that looks at the roles of statutory, private, voluntary and independent settings that care for children – their main differences and similarities. Statutory – provided by the state, e.g. schools Private – businesses that make a profit, e.g. private day nurseries Voluntary – national and local organisations e.g. parent and toddler groups Independent – e.g. pre-preparatory settings; kindergartens). E4 Include a summary of the main regulations that govern the care of children in different types of settings (State in a concise way the main regulations that regulate and control the care of children in a range of settings, eg Children Act 2004. The main points of this act that regulates care of children are†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.) C1 Analyse how the main regulations can influence the provision of care. (A development of E4. Consider how the main regulations and controls you identified in E4 can influence the provision of care available for children) E5 Include TWO (2) activities which will each support and maintain a different aspect of the daily care of children (Include a description of TWO (2) suitable activities. Each activity should support and maintain a different aspect of the daily care of children) E6 Include an explanation of the key issues which enable multi-professional teams to work together (Give details of the main factors that enable teams of professionals with different expertise to work successfully together, eg It is essential to respect and value the knowledge and skills of other professionals because†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.) B1 Evaluate ways to work effectively in multi-professional teams to support the care of children ( A development of E6. A detailed consideration and reasoned judgements of the issues (described in E6), to ensure support for children through successful multi- professional teams. Discussion of the effectiveness of ways could include: advantages and disadvantages of multi- professional teams, overcoming barriers to communication, consultation, and holistic approach to care of children, reflective practice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. E7 Provide evidence of current and relevant research throughout the portfolio (This criterion will be met if work is supported by appropriate references to current and relevant research). D1 Provide evidence to show how knowledge of child development can contribute to the recognition of children’s care needs Supply evidence of how knowledge of child development helps the practitioner recognise individual children’s care needs. This may include: reliable and valid assessments of individual children, use of developmental norms, knowledge of age/stage appropriate care, prediction of next stages, understanding differences and valuing diversity, influences on development, the particular needs of individual children†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. D2 Discuss TWO (2) strategies for improving your own learning and performance (Think about and provide detailed information about two different ways you can improve and develop your own learning and performance) . E8 Show an understanding of diversity and inclusive practice (This criterion will be met if work in the portfolio demonstrates that all children and their families should have their individual rights and needs identified and met). E9 Include references and bibliography (At least TWO (2) references must be made in the text to relevant books, articles, magazines or web sites. These are sources of information and the sources used should be listed at the end of the assignment in a bibliography. Sources of background reading can also be included in the bibliography. For more information, see CACHE – Finding the Level. How to cite Caring for Children, Papers

Power generation in the future what we should do i Essay Example For Students

Power generation in the future what we should do i Essay n australiBased on the current technology regarding power sources we believe that Australias total power usage should be divided between these four sources using the percentage specified (reasons why are listed below):Nuclear Power 50%Coal Power 25%Solar Power 15%Wind Power 10%NuclearNuclear should generate majority of the power because it is a reliable power source and unlike coal generators, it does not give off harmful emissions. Coal supplies are dwindling however, uranium is abundant in Australia and it will be cheaper for Australia to use its own supplies than to import coal. Toxic waste could be a slight problem but methods of storing it can be developed later. CoalThe coal infrastructure is already in place so we should make use of it, but it does pollute the environment so that is why we should reduce the amount of operating plants. Doing this will reduce the amount of pollution that is released into the atmosphere. Coal power is also reliable. SolarSolar should only generate 15% because it is not a reliable power source: the sun does not shine 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in one spot. If the weather does change and the panels cant generate the power required the nuclear plant/s can fluctuate to cope with the power needs of the general population. Solar power uses an infinite resource so it is worthwhile making use of. WindWind farms should be used in conjunction with Solar plants as more power will be generated with the wind and sun combined. It is an environmentally friendly power source however it is very costly to set up therefore it should only produce 10% of the power needed. Depending on the farms location it can be quite reliable. It they are placed in the South Western corner of Australia (and off shore in that area) it will generate a decent amount of power as it is on the borderline of the Roaring Forties.

Union Structure and Governance

Introduction The purpose of this study will be to analyze the structure and governance of a national or international union that addresses the plight of workers.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Union Structure and Governance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The union that will be focused on in this study will be the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) which is a labor union representing the needs of workers employed in the electrical industry in the United States, Panama and Canada as well as other workers employed in the public utility and electrical manufacturing industry. The union also represents the interests of workers employed in computer, broadcasting and telecommunications sector. The main objective of the IBEW is to promote reasonable working conditions for all electrical workers under the union and also cultivate feelings of brotherhood/friendship among the various employees tha t fall under the union (Hill, 2008). History of the Union The beginning of IBEW can be traced back to the Electrical Wiremen and Linemen’s Union which was founded in 1890 in St. Louis, Missouri. Both wiremen and linemen flocked to St. Louis to demonstrate their trade by wiring the buildings in the city with electricity lines so as to exhibit their trade. During the exhibition, the workers got together to talk about their jobs and also the working conditions of electricians in the electrical industry. There was a general consensus that their jobs were hard and they worked for long hours with little pay (12 hours a day for 15 to 20 cents per hour). The workers did not receive any training or apprenticeship during the first week of their jobs and the safety standards especially for the wiremen were nonexistent which meant that they were exposed to dangerous working conditions. These poor working conditions led to the industry having the highest mortality rates of one out of two hired employees in the whole of America. The Convention and the growing electrical industry were basically the starting points of the Brotherhood (IBEW, 2005). The following year, 1891, saw a growing interest to have a national union that would address the plight of electrical workers in the US. The Convention that took place in St. Louis approached the American Federation of Labor (AFL) to receive a charter that would operationalise the Electrical Wiremen and Linemen’s Union.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Electrical Wiremen and Linemen’s Union under the charter No. 5221 was established in 1981 as a national organization that would address the labor needs of electrical workers within the electrical industry as well as other workers in the telecommunications, telegraph and electrical manufacturing industry. During their first year of operation, the un ion organized a convention in St. Louis where ten delegates representing the 286 members of the electrical industry attended the convention (IBEW, 2005). The ten representatives included Henry Miller, the president of the union, J.T. Kelly, W. Hedden, C.J. Sutter, H. Fisher, F. Heizleman, J. Berlowitz, T.J. Finnell, M. Dorsey and E. Hartung. These ten delegates formed the founders of the union and they adopted a different name for the organization known as the National Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. They worked for hours drafting a constitution for the union which would stipulate the laws and procedures that would guide the operations of the union. They also came up with the well-known emblem of the union, a fist grasping several lightning bolts, which would be used to distinguish the organization from other unions in the US. During the Convention, the delegates elected Henry Miller as the first Grand President of the union and they also elected T. Kelly as the Grand Secretary T reasurer of the union. In the 1899 Pittsburgh Convention, the union decided to change its name to the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. The membership during that time had reached 2,000 members with over 43 chartered local unions in the whole of America. The current number of members now stands at 750,000 in the four countries covered by the union (Panama, Canada, US and some parts of the Caribbean’s) (IBEW, 2005). The type of employers the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers bargains with includes the electrical manufacturing industries, public utility companies that offer electricity to consumers, electrical installation companies, wiremen and linemen contracting agencies. The union faced adversity during its first year of operation as it received a lot of criticism and indignation from employers working in the mentioned companies. Many of these employers were trying to drive out trade unions in the country by organizing open shop campaigns in the national level. The union however sought to reduce tensions between employers and employees in the electrical industry by forming the Council on Industrial Relations which would be used to represent the interests of managers and employees (IBEW, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Union Structure and Governance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hierarchical Structure of the Organization The IBEW is made up of three functional bodies which make up the structure of the union and these include the executive body which is made of the International President, the International Secretary-Treasurer, International representatives and the eleven International Vice-Presidents that manage the district level operations of the union. Other offices that fall under the executive body include the local union offices as well as the membership of IBEW. The judicial and legislative bodies of the union are made up of the In ternational Executive Council which is made up of a chairman and eight elected members working in the district offices. The International President is charged with the general administration of the IBEW and the responsibilities that come with the international office are varied and distinct (IBEW, 2005). Some duties of the International President include implementing the laws of the Brotherhood, overseeing any controversial issues that might arise within the organization, acting on any appeals that might arise from decisions made by the International Vice Presidents, deciding on IBEW policies and procedures, chartering and amalgamating various unions that have been established in the local level and suspending or revoking any local union charters that do not serve the interests of IBEW’s members. The International Secretary-Treasurer is primarily charged with the role of handling the financial matters of the IBEW International office such as investments and pension funds. The responsibilities of the treasurer include collecting, disbursing and accounting for all union funds, maintaining records of the organization’s membership and receiving all signed applications for the local union charter. The treasurer is also charged with protecting the seal and emblem of the Brotherhood (IBEW, 2005). The eleven International vice presidents that make up the district office and have been elected by the local unions work under the instructions of the International President of IBEW. The duties of the vice president include supervising the activities of all International Representatives within the district branch offices and also act on appeals that might come from members of the local unions. The internal bodies that exist in the local unions include presidents who are charged with enforcing the constitutional provisions of the union, vice presidents who are charged with assisting the local president with office duties, recording secretary who is charged with the role of keeping the minutes of local union meetings as well as maintaining all meeting records, the financial secretary who is charged with handling all the funds collected by the local union (IBEW Constitution, 2008).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another member of the local union is the treasurer who receives all collected funds from the financial secretary and deposits them in the bank under the name of the local union and the business manager who is charged with the role of representing the local union in any trade disputes with industry employers. The business manager appoints all stewards within the local unions to effect bylaws that will be needed to effectively manage the functions of the local union. The business manager also conducts training programs for all stewards as well as enforcing all collective bargaining agreements. The International Executive Council (IEC) and the legislative body are charged with managing the judicial and legislative aspects of the union. The IEC is the final authority that is used when granting pensions, disability benefits and also handling the vested interests of the union’s members. The two bodies also act on appeals that are made by the International President and they try mem bers of the local union who have been charged with violating the laws and rules of the IBEW (IBEW Constitution, 2008). The diagram below represents the hierarchical structure of the IBEW and the various offices/bodies that make up the organization. Source: IBEW, 2005 Financial Flow of the Union The financial flow of the union is mostly made of funds collected from union dues, pension benefit funds and the general funds that are used to manage the day-to-day operations of the union. Members of the organization are meant to contribute $10 every month so as to manage the collective bargaining activities of the organization. The amount of pension funds that are collected from individuals within the union amounts to $3.50 per month for each full year of continuous membership that the member has with the union. The fund also pays death benefit to any of the member’s beneficiaries which could be $6,250 if the member dies of natural causes and $12,500 for any accidental deaths (IBEW Union, 2011). Union dues refer to the financial funds that are usually paid by the members of a union every month to support the general operations of the organization and its officers. The union dues structure of the IBEW covers two parts of the union’s structure which include the international and local union offices. The dues that are allocated to the international office are basically used to maintain and support the administrative and legal functions of the office as well as legislative procedures such as court appeals and trials which have been forwarded to the IEC. The bulk of union dues are usually allocated to the local union where the funds are used to manage the expenses of the offices as well as handle collective bargaining, member grievances, arbitrations and contract negotiations with employers. A basic union dues structure is made up of two parts: the local union and the IBEW per capital segment where the local union determines its dues by the operational cost s and expenses incurred by every local union within the various districts of the US (IBEW Union, 2011). Union dues are usually determined by the members of the local union as they are the only people who have the power and ability to change the amount of dues they have to pay ever month. The IBEW Per Capita structure of the union dues involves a monthly payment of $11set by the International Convention and which is meant to be paid by all members of the union. The monthly charge is usually used by the local union to fund the operations of the First District Office and it can only be changed by the elected delegates of the Convention. The diagram below represents the structure of and distribution of union dues in the organization (IBEW Union, 2011). Governing Entities within the organization The International Convention is the highest governing body of the Brotherhood. The union Constitution postulates that the IBEW member delegates meet every five years at a regular interval to dis cuss union matters and any labor issues that might arise in the electrical industry during the five-year duration. The international Convention therefore oversees these meetings during which it elects International Officers such as the president and secretary treasurer if there is need for reappointment or re-election. The International Convention also determines the basic law that will be used by the IBEW through the number of votes that have been cast for proposed resolutions and constitutional amendments to the union Constitution. The international Convention also has the final authority and decision on any appeals that have been made in the international, national and local offices of the union. The various entities that make up the Convention include delegates and member committees (IBEW, 2005). The delegates of the Convention are usually selected through secret ballots garnered from the members of the union. The level of delegate representation is usually based on the number o f members a local union has registered where the maximum number of delegates per local union is 15. The Convention further stipulates that no local union is entitled to representation unless it has been of good standing for the last six months before the International Convention. The committees in the Convention are usually formed by the International President who is authorized by the governing body to establish committees that will perform the basic functions of the Convention such as resolution action, the development of reports and recommendations that will be used to deal with disputes or conflicts between employers and employees. Another governing entity that oversees the functions of the IBEW is the International Executive Council (IEC) which deals with the judicial or financial aspects of the union. The IEC is the final authority when it comes to making decisions on granting pensions, disability benefits and also dealing with the vested interests of the union’s member s (IBEW, 2005). The types of boards exist under the local union and these include the examining board and the executive board. The purpose of the examining board in the local union is to examine and review the various applications for membership forwarded to the union for consideration. The examining board assesses the qualifications of various applicants according to the various sections of the union Constitution to determine if they qualify to be members of IBEW. The executive board on the other hand is involved in hearing all charges that are brought against the members of the union and trying them according to the bylaws and working rules of the local union (IBEW Constitution, 2008). The executive board therefore acts as a trial board as it has to consider all matters properly before making any major decisions with regards to any charges or violations brought against a member of the organization. Apart from the IEC, other councils that exist in the IBEW include the railroad coun cils and system councils which address any union issue within the local union railroad industry. Railroad councils are subject to the rules that govern local councils while the system councils are formed by the International President for collective bargaining purposes under the direction of the president. If the local union is unable to establish a railroad council, they can be able to form a system council to address any disagreements that arise (IBEW, 2005). Appointment of Union Members According to the union Constitution, the various officers of the IBEW are usually nominated and elected by delegates who have been duly selected in the International Convention. The circumstances under which International Officers are chosen for the post of International President and International Secretary-Treasurer in the IBEW is when either of the two officers dies before completing their term, their term contract has expired, they are found to be in violation of the union Constitution or they have committed an offense that is deemed punishable by the International Convention (IBEW Constitution, 2008). The only requirement for a person to be elected to any of the positions is that they should have a five-year standing relationship with the union. This basically means that union members who have not had any violations or charges placed against them can be able to apply for the post of International President or International Secretary-Treasurer. The two International Officers are usually elected by secret ballot or per capita tax votes when there is more than one candidate for the position. Once they are selected, they are expected to assume office in 30 days and they can serve for a term of five years until their successors are nominated and elected (IBEW Constitution, 2008). Other positions that are elected in the IBEW include the eleven positions for vice presidents which are usually elected by the respective vice presidential districts and the delegates that fall unde r the International Convention who are usually elected through a secret ballot election. The positions that are appointed within the IBEW include the Resolutions Committee which is appointed by the International President to document any resolutions to trade disputes that have occurred between employers and employees of the trade union. The positions and offices within the Railroad Councils and the System Councils are also appointed by the International President in the IBEW where the IP follows the bylaws of the Constitution when selecting the various members of these councils (IBEW Constitution, 2008). Culture of the Union The culture that exists in IBEW is that of reform and business unionism where the union is interested in offering its members fair housing and better working conditions as well as attaining a 5% wage increase for all its members under IBEW. The history of IBEW has been one of business unionism and reform where the various officer holders have tried to negotiate for better working and living conditions for the various members under the union. As a result of reformist cultures within IBEW, the wages and working conditions of the union’s members have improved considerably when compared to other industries in the country. Because of the culture of reform and socialist unionism, members of IBEW have been able to enjoy better health care and welfare services as well as improved pension benefits, longer holiday vacations and shorter workdays. These reforms have been able to take place because of the cultivation of intelligent people to manage the affairs of the union (IBEW, 2005). The culture of reform has been instilled in the various office holders to necessitate changes for employees working within the electrical industry so that they can enjoy proper working conditions as well as long-term benefits. The heritage of IBEW is vibrant and strong as the various beliefs and value systems practiced by all previous office holders have been pas sed down the line of successors. The use of local leadership has also enhanced the culture of reform within the union where talented and tenacious leaders have been selected to represent the union in various forums. Proper leadership has ensured that a culture of social reform is established in the union where the individual needs of members and their beneficiaries/families are addressed to maintain a high standard (IBEW, 2005). The mission and priorities of IBEW include organizing all workers in the US or Canadian electrical industry and other member countries as well as organize workers in the public utility and electrical manufacturing industry. IBEW is also charged with promoting reasonable work conditions for its members as well as reasonable salaries and wages. Another mission of IBEW is to settle any disputes that might occur between the employers and employees of the organization and also assist each of the members and their families through periods of distress, death and si ckness or material loss. The main priority of IBEW is to reduce the number of hours daily laborers such as the wiremen and linesmen work as well as seek higher compensation, improved standards of living and working for its members (Hill, 2008). Union Mergers In 1908 when the union was experiencing a period of success and stability, an internal struggle emerged within the organization that saw the secession of a large percentage of the Brotherhood. This split was mostly caused by a growing dissension amongst the wiremen and linemen of the poor management of the union’s high-ranking offices. At the same time, employers within the electrical industry were bent on destroying the Brotherhood so they fostered the internal struggles that were taking place within the union at that time. The secession that took place IBEW was referred to as the Reid-Murphy split after the two officers who were elected by the seceding factions of the split (IBEW, 2005). While the Reid-Murphy group spli t from the Brotherhood, Frank J. McNulty and Peter W. Collins remained the recognized office holders of the Brotherhood. The result of the secession saw two trade unions being formed to address the concerns of employees in the electrical industry with the Reid-Murphy faction having the majority of members. The structure of the Brotherhood was not affect in a major way as McNulty and Collins were able to remain as the official office holders of the union but their functions were somehow impeded because of the separation of funds and resources between the two factions. These split was however reversed by a court decision in 1912 that saw the 1908 Convention null and void. Union funds that had been taken by both factions were restored to the recognized group under the union Constitution by the court. The seceding group later merged with the Brotherhood in 1914 after they agreed to end their differences and focus on serving the needs of IBEW members (IBEW, 2005). Union Affiliations In 1 982, the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers become affiliated with the Canadian Federation of Labor to enhance its activities of safeguarding the welfare of wiremen and linemen in Canada while in 1989, IBEW entered into an affiliation with the committee on political education (COPE). This was meant to improve the involvement of organized labor in the active education and registration of voters during the union election process. Another affiliation that the IBEW had was with the Canadian Labor Congress in 1997 which has been identified as a re-affiliation in the historical records of the Brotherhood. The unions and associations that have allied themselves with IBEW include the Electrical Workers’ Benefit Association, the Canadian Signal and Communications Union and the Pension Investment and Employee Benefits Department (IBEW, 2005). Conclusion The sole purpose of this study has been to analyze the structure and governance of IBEW, a union that deals with the labo r issues of employees working in the electrical industry. The discussion has focused on the structure of the union by looking at the various positions and office holders that make up the union as well as examining the various roles and responsibilities that these members play in the union. The study has also focused on the various governing bodies that govern the operations of IBEW which include the International Convention and the International Executive Council. The study in general has been an analytical analysis of the various faucets and bodies that make up the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. Questions Qn.1: Sections 1 up to 21 of Article XX of the AFL-CIO Constitution sets forth the various provisions that will guide the relationships of affiliates within the Federation and how each of the affiliates should relate with other affiliate members within AFL-CIO. For example Section two of the article sets forth that every affiliate member of the organization shall observe the established collective bargaining relationships that exist amongst the affiliate members of the organization which means that no member affiliate will attempt to represent employees who have an established collective bargaining relationship with another affiliate in the federation. Article XX is important for unions such as IBEW as it provides an established work relationship amongst the various unions that fall under AFL-CIO. The article provides a basic framework of how unions representing the interest of employees in one industry should conduct themselves to avoid any union disputes. Article XXI of the AFL-CIO Constitution talks about the organizing of responsibility procedures where the various member affiliates of the federation resolve to organize competition in situations where competition might be detrimental in serving the best interests of workers. This article is important for unions that want to represent the interests of workers from one industry. Section 2 of the article stipulates that any affiliate members of the federation that is actively engaged in representing and organizing employees from a particular industry can be able to seek for authority to enable them be the exclusive representative of these employees within that industry. Article XXI is therefore meant to limit the amount of competition amongst unions willing to represent the interests of workers within one industry (AFL-CIO, 2011). Qn. 2: One constituent group of the AFL-CIO is the coalition of black trade unionists (CBTU) which serves the needs of African American workers in the United States. While CBTU is not a civil rights organization, it provides the black workers in the US with a forum within the union movement to voice their concerns about organized labour in the country. The mission of CBTU is to meet the working needs of African Americans within the US by presenting their concerns to the union movement, AFL-CIO. The main activities of the organization includ e; improving the economic development of black workers by providing suitable employment opportunities, working together with the trade union movement so as to provide a voice for black workers in America, increase the union involvement of black workers by increasing awareness through voter education and voter registration, actively supporting civil rights groups that are trying to improve the working conditions of black people within the country and organizing black or minority group workers who are unorganized (CBTU, 2011). CBTU provides value to its members as it seeks to support programs and initiatives aimed at reducing the level of unemployment amongst black Americans in the United States. The organization collaborates with school systems to ensure that black students are equipped with the necessary skills that will allow them to gain useful employment once they complete their education. CBTU also adds value to its members by looking for ways to deal with the escalating prices in food, housing and medical services. It has established important alliances with various organizations within the American community to ensure that the financial burden is reduced (CBTU, 2011). Qn.3: One campaign under the Change to Win affiliate program is the Warehouse Workers United campaign where the Warehouse Workers United is an organization that seeks to represent the interests of warehouse workers in California’s Inland Empire. The main purpose of the organization is to join all warehouse workers together so as to improve their working conditions and also build a better future for the workers and their families. The Change to Win campaign for the Warehouse Workers United is focused on improving the terms of pay as well as working conditions for all warehouse workers in the Inland Empire. The Change to Win campaign for these workers is meant to build an effective response to the poor assault on worker rights by forming a stronger labour movement that will provide hop e to many minimum wage workers. Change to Win has the ability to affect a response from the various unions in America as it has the voice and the support of stronger affiliate federations such as AFL-CIO in addressing the concerns of workers such as the Warehouse Workers United (Warehouse Workers United, 2011). References AFL-CIO (2011). AFL-CIO Constitution; article XX and XXI. Web. CBTU (2011). About CBTU: mission statement.  Web. Hill, E.D. (2008). Constructing Bright futures. IBEW Journal, 107(2): 1- 52 IBEW (2005). International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers: History and  Structure. Web. IBEW Constitution (2008). IBEW Constitution as amended SEP. 2006 at Cleveland,  Ohio. Web. IBEW Union (2011). IBEW union dues structure.  Web. Warehouse Workers United (2011). Why we fight. Web. This term paper on Union Structure and Governance was written and submitted by user Drake Espinoza to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Make Case Study Writing Manageable

Make Case Study Writing Manageable Make Case Study Writing Manageable Case studies are one of the most difficult things to write. There are very specific formats to be followed. Sometimes they can be complicated for people that have never attempted this type of writing. Research needs to be documented so it can be confirmed by someone else at a later date (if necessary). All graphics need to be checked for potential typographical errors and consistency. Writing even a small case study can be challenging, and why so many new writers can benefit from the help of an academic writing service. Writing a case study has several steps. First, gather all relevant information, sift and organize it to make a convincing case. In a pre-digital era information could be spread out over a huge physical area with note cards, books, reports, and folders. One advantage of using laptops and desktops is that all that information can be scanned in and kept in a single thumb drive or in the cloud. Not only can you work on a case study wherever you wish, it keeps your workspace organized. The next step is to start organizing in a clear and coherent way. This can be facilitated by a renaming and sorting files, or dividing resources into a few physical piles. By classifying sources into different categories, a better narrative can be developed. Better yet, your directories and files can later be digitally shared with others, giving them easy access to the information. Once this has been done the writing itself can take place. Using an academic writing assistance service can be a huge help in this endeavour. A professional writing service can teach you how to create any necessary graphics, adding a little extra panache to the study and better organizing information that may have been merely input into a plain-looking table. They can also check for typographical and factual errors. This makes the effort much easier for any person in charge of a case study. All told, a academic writing assistance service can save a lot of stress and time, making it well worth the investment. For those looking to make an impression on readers, this service is well worth the investment. For those more concerned with the research, help with writing is a welcome relief. Contact Master’s Essay today to get started.

How to Write a Solid Film Review

How to Write a Solid Film Review Feature films and documentaries  are sometimes used as research sources. They are also used quite frequently as supplemental learning tools in the classroom. A common writing assignment is a critical review or analysis of films. Your instructor will choose a specific film or documentary for a reason because it relates to the material at hand in some way. A good review will explain how the film has enhanced the learning experience, but it should also provide an account of your personal response. The components and format of your film analysis will depend on the course and your instructor’s preferences, but there are several standard components of a review. Components to Include in Your Review The elements listed here do not appear in any specific order. The placement of these items (or the omission of them) will vary, depending on relevance. You’ll have to decide, for example, if artistic elements are so important that they should be included in the body of your paper (as in a film class), or if they are so seemingly insignificant that they appear at the end (perhaps in an economics class). Title of the film or documentary: Be sure to name the film in your first paragraph. State the date of its release. Summary: What happened in this film? As a reviewer, you must explain what happened in the film and express your opinion about the success or failure of the film maker’s creation. Don’t be afraid to express your opinion, but include specific reasons for likes and dislikes. (You can’t say â€Å"it was boring† unless you provide justification.) Filmmaker: You should do a little research on the person who created this film. Is the director or writer a controversial figure?Is the filmmaker known for a political stance?Does the filmmaker have a significant background? If the filmmaker is known for controversy, this segment of your paper can be lengthy. Devote several paragraphs to an assessment of his or her other works and establish the significance of this work in the film maker’s career. Significance to your class: Why are you seeing this film in the first place? How does the content fit into your course topic? Is this film important for historical accuracy? If you are viewing a motion picture for your history class, be sure to make note of embellishments or over-dramatization. If you are reviewing a documentary for a history class, be sure to observe and comment on the sources used. Is this a motion picture based on a play you’ve read in English class? If so, make sure you specify whether the film illuminated or clarified elements you missed when reading the play. If you are reviewing a film for your psychology class, be sure to examine the emotional impact or any emotional manipulation you observe. Creative elements: Filmmakers go to great lengths to choose the creative elements of their films. How are these elements important to the overall product? Costumes for a period film can enhance a film or they can betray the intent of the film. Colors can be vivid or they can be dull. The use of color can stimulate and manipulate moods. Black and white shots can add drama. Good sound effects can enrich the viewing experience, while bad sound effects can destroy a film. Camera angles and movement can add elements to the story. A jagged transition adds intensity. Gradual transitions and subtle camera movements serve a specific purpose, as well. Finally, actors can make or break a film. Were the actors effective, or did poor acting skills detract from the film’s purpose? Did you notice the use of symbols? Formatting Your Paper The order and emphasis of your paragraphs will depend on your class. The format will also depend on the course topic and your instructors preference. For example, a typical documentary review for a history class will follow guidelines for a Turabian book review, unless your instructor states otherwise. A typical outline would be: Introduction, to include film title, topic, and release dateAccuracy of the depictionUse of sourcesCreative elementsYour opinion A paper for your literature class, on the other hand, should adhere to MLA formatting guidelines. The film would most likely be a feature film, so the outline might go like this: Introduction, with title and release dateSummary of the storyAnalysis of story elements like rising action, climaxCreative elements, use of color, camera techniques, mood, and toneOpinion Your conclusion should detail whether the filmmaker was successful in his or her purpose for making this film, and re-state your evidence. It may also explain how the film was (was not) helpful for illuminating and providing a deeper understanding of a topic in your class.

The Glycolysis Process in Humans and in Yeast Essay

The Glycolysis Process in Humans and in Yeast - Essay Example These two molecules will each yield 2 ATPs and 1 NADH during the 5-step payoff stage for a net gain of 2 ATPs and 1 NADH (Audesirk, Audesirk, & Byers 2006 p.102). These bonus ATP molecules will be used by the body's muscles as glycolysis converts glucose to energy. The investment stage begins its 5-step process by converting the glucose to a charged phosphate, which is then trapped inside the cell wall, which is impenetrable to ions (Campbell & Reese 2002 p.162). From this point on the process in non-reversible. The reaction in the initial stage expends the first ATP. Step 3 expends the second ATP as fructose 6-phosphate is converted into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Audesirk, Audesirk, & Byers 2006 p.102). Step 4 will split this molecule into two carbon intermediaries to be processed separately by the generation phase (McMurry & Castillion 2003 p.670). Step 6 oxidizes by the transfer of NAD+ to the sugar from step 5. During step 6-7 of the generation phase the process yields 1 NADH and 1 ATP respectively (Audesirk, Audesirk, & Byers 2006 p.102). Since there were 2 molecules produced by the generation phase, the output is actually doubled. At this point the glycolysis reaction is at a break even point. It has invested 2 ATPs and yielded 2 ATPs. Step 10 creates another ATP molecule by transferring the phosphoenolpyruvate from step 9 to ATP and pyruvate (McMurry & Castillion 2003 p.163).

Tution Fee at American Unversty of Sharjah Essay

Tution Fee at American Unversty of Sharjah - Essay Example We wanted to understand the change in demand if there is an increase in the fee: how many students will still have a demand for it and how many students will not join. We also measured the elasticity of demand. We also wanted to find how the trends were among females and males, were they different or were they pretty much the same or they both were indifferent towards such changes. For this we have done an analytical research for which a questionnaire has been prepared consisting of 6 questions which are as follows: 1. Gender 2. Marital status 3. Living with family or away 4. Current tuition fees paid 5. Maximum fee they are willing to pay 6. Do they have scholarship, if yes then how much With this questionnaire we will assess the number of students who will join the college even if the fees increase. With this questionnaire we will be able to identify the demand among males and females and also amongst scholarship students. In the research we have hypothised that a small increase in the tuition fees of the students is not going to affect the students. This will help the people from the college authorities to understand the behavior of the students to the increase in the tuition fees. One of the main problems we might face is that there might be some errors which we might not be able to restrict. The interviewer might target some of the people whom he knows and not others whom he doesn’t know. On the part of the respondent they are affected by factors such as that when they know that they are being interviewed they might give a wrong answer. These things might affect our research but here such factors are assumed to be minimal and the information provided can be relied upon. THEORY AND IMPLICATIONS Demand and Supply analysis The demand and supply analysis is a powerful tool the can be applied to a wide variety of interesting problems. Such as: To understand how changing world economic conditions can affect market price and production or evaluating the im pact of government price controls, minimum wages, price control, price support etc. Here we will be using the demand and supply analysis to determine demand and supply changes in case the tuition fees changes. Elasticity Of demand It may be defined as the percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in price. EP =% change in quantity / Percentage change in price Consumer Surplus Consumer surplus is defined as the difference between the maximum price a consumer is willing to pay for a product and the price the consumer actually pays for the product. It is denoted by the area enclosed by the demand curve and the actual pay line. Here, consumer surplus can be seen as the number of students who would like to join the college after a hike in the tuition fee. Producer surplus Producer surplus is defined as the difference between the price at which the producer actually sells the product and the minimum price at which the producer is willing to sell the product. It is de noted by the area enclosed by the supply curve and the actual pay line. The graph showing the number of students okay with fees increase and students who wants a decrease shows the region under consumer surplus and producer surplus. Income effect Income Effect is the change observed in the consumption of quantity among two products (or group of products) with a change in the income of the consumer. The change is

English Is Official Language In U.S. Essay Example for Free

English Is Official Language In U.S. Essay Half the countries in the world have an official language. The US is not one of them. Recently some attempts were made to designate English as the official language of the United States, though this country is widely known for being multinational and, correspondently, multilingual. Nevertheless, at the present there are twenty seven states out of fifty that are claiming English to be their official language either by adopting a law or in their state constitutions. Thus, English language de facto occupies a position of the official language in the United States, and there are many supporters of the idea to set it in documents, de jure. The question arises: is this so vital? Should it be done by all means and at any cost? Definitely, there are some clearly stated advantages, pertaining mainly to the issue of immigration, both legal and illegal. Firstly, if English is designated as the official language, it will ensure that all the immigrants become more proficient in English, thus making communication and integration into the society much easier for all the parties. It is difficult to imagine any immigrant achieving the American dream without knowledge of English. This fact, though having little financial of physical impact, will incite people coming from other countries to learn English more zealously. Being forced to learn English, any immigrant will gain access to a full life of an American. Then, English as the default and official language will become a uniting factor for people from different parts of the world. They all came to America from divergent backgrounds, and English language is the tie that can bind them together. The last but not the least is the financial factor. Many states maintain language diversity thoroughly, which can not but call for extensive financial support. There are bilingual ballots, education, publications, and similar services provided at public expense. Massachusetts offers drivers tests in more than two dozen foreign languages. Federal voting rights laws provide for ballots in multiple translations. Internal Revenue Service forms are printed in Spanish. Elimination of need to translate these from one language into another may save a lot of money. On the other hand, all these advantages can easily turn into disadvantages if regarded from the other point of view. Thus, immigrants coming from all parts of the world will have to abandon their native language and most traditions. Of course, as it has already been mentioned, this would benefit to their integration into the American society, but at the same time weakening of cultural and historical bonds may result in loss of national identity. Moreover, the idea of ‘English-only’ implies the feeling of linguistic superiority and somehow exclusivity. It can definitely and can be upsetting to people whose native language is not English.   Its misuse would be intended to provoke an emotional reaction and in a way irritate anyone who favors making English the US official language, as well as those who simply want to protect its role as the common language of the United States. Designating English as the official language will also give trouble to bilingual education which is nowadays very popular in many states. Bilingual education programs use both the students native language and English for instruction. It is emphasized that native language development has the positive influence on second language proficiency. Lack of first language development has been shown, in some cases, to inhibit the level of second language proficiency and cognitive academic development. Successful bilingual education programs actually result in faster acquisition of English. Content matter taught in the native language can be transferred to the second language. In the regular classroom, confronted with both concepts and language that are not comprehensible to them, limited English speakers learn neither the content nor the language. Language acquisition occurs only when incoming messages can be understood. Again, to be successful, citizens need to be open to learning multiple languages. Business leaders and Europeans do it. Knowing multiple languages is a great asset. In a global economy, it is the monolingual English speakers who are falling behind. Along with computer skills, a neat appearance and a work ethic, Americans more and more are finding that a second language is useful in getting a good job. What is the most important, everybody knows that English is the official language already, even if it was not designated to be one. Its declaration as the official tongue would be nothing but a mere symbol. No matter how hard the proponents of designation try to officially establish a language for the US, it is in vain; such a language already exists and is predominant. Correspondingly, efforts to strive for it can be applied to maintain the country’s multilingualism. Outline: question of designating English as the official language in the USA is a debatable one. The arguments â€Å"for† are that it would encourage immigrants to learn the language, helping them to integrate into the society and become citizens of the United States.   It would also help to save the money spent on translations. Nevertheless, the disadvantages of such a step prevail: loss of language and culture of immigrants, problems with bilingual education, limitation of possibility to acquire new languages.   Nevertheless, the crucial factor â€Å"against† the designation is that it would mean nothing, as most benefits from such the step are already existent.

Marlows Transformation in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Essay

Marlow's Transformation in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness After returning from a voyage in the Congo of Africa, Joseph Conrad said "Before the Congo I was a mere animal," and implied that only a select few of the rest of society have risen above the animal state. Conrad had a bout with malaria, and while recovering went through radical changes in thinking. He began to despise his fellow Belgians, and for a time he was furious with them for their very existence. Leonard Dean's collection of Conrad's letters show the writer's scorn of regular society after his journey: "Everything is repellent to me here. Men and things, but especially men...all have a gift for getting on my nerves." (103) Conrad eventually accepted himself as one of these people, and began to work on Heart of Darkness, a cathartic novel based on his journal written in the Congo. He wrote about Marlow, who will take a journey into the Congo and into his own soul, in an attempt to discuss the evil he experienced in Africa. Conrad presents a situation that he and Marlow both know, and that the average listener can't comprehend. Conrad was appalled and shaken by what he saw being practiced in the Congo, and by his statement cements his belief that a man cannot truly understand, sympathize, or feel anything significant on the emotional level unless he has also experienced the dark and the diseased side of himself. Everything up to that point is only scratching the surface of human nature. A human being needs suffering and experience with depravity before he is able to appreciate and embrace what is good in himself. He is only an animal up until that point. Marlow goes to Africa on a quest, though he isn't aware of it. Jerome Thale compared Marl... .../DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v407/n6800/full/407025a0_fs.html Evans, Robert O., "Conrad's Underworld". Cambridge: Purdue Research Foundation, 1956. Guerard, Albert J., "The Journey Within", 1958. Cambridge Mass: Harvard University Press. Hewitt, Douglas, "Reassessment of Heart of Darkness". Cambridge: Bowes & Bowes Publishers Ltd., 1952. Modern Fiction Studies, IX, No. 4 Winter '63-64. Cambridge: Purdue Research Foundation Reid, Stephen A., "The 'Unspeakable Rites in Heart of Darkness," Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, "What I Learned in the Gulag." Excerpted and abridged from The Gulag Archipelago http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/4942/gulag.html Telgen, Diane, Novels for Students. 2 vols. Detroit: Gale Researcher, 1997. Thale, Jerome, "Marlow's Quest," 1955. Toronto: University of Toronto Quarterly, XXIV July.

In Dr. Cloud’s book Essay

In Dr. Cloud’s book, the concept of â€Å"wake† is the next in a series of important concepts in business. This concept affects how a person works within an organization, and includes everything that he does, both in business and interpersonal relationships. A person’s wake is the most important thing about him or her in terms of business, and it will determine his or her overall success. The â€Å"wake† is the legacy that a person leaves behind in a business situation (or, really, in any situation). It consists of everything a person does, both in business and interpersonally. For example, a person may help his team meet their goals quickly and efficiently, achieve high sales numbers, and further the company’s other goals and missions. These would be examples from the business side. A person may also leave his team feeling happy to have worked with him, inspired to work harder, and feeling good about meeting their goals. These are examples from the interpersonal side. However, it is also possible that someone may not do so well in one or both of these areas. Someone may be a great salesman who is achieving goals quickly and making large amounts of money for the company, but who upsets almost everyone he works with, as in Dr. Cloud’s example. This type of person’s wake must be considered from all angles. What is the person really worth to the company? If his sales numbers are great, but no one wants to work with him and people spend a lot of time complaining about him, then the lost productivity may not be worth the amount of sales he is making. His interpersonal wake is poor. Dr. Cloud emphasizes the role of character is the wake. A person must have strong character in order to have a good wake. For example, the CEO in the book was not a bad person, or a bad leader in most respects. He treated his people fairly and people were glad to work with him. He also seemed (from what information there was) to be doing good things for the company. However, he had a weak character when it came to dealing with problems. Because the CEO did not react quickly enough by either disciplining or firing the sales VP, he lost the confidence of a large portion of his team and the board members, and had to leave the company. Had he been willing to handle the problem earlier, this might not have happened. As he was leaving, the company probably did not look favorably upon his wake, no matter how many other good things he had done for the company. Dr. Cloud goes on to emphasize that character is â€Å"the ability to meet the demands of reality. † This means a number of things. When a senior staff member is hiring a new team member, especially in a higher-importance job, the staff member needs to make sure that the person can meet the demands of the company’s reality. That means that regardless of the person’s abilities, they must be a good fit for the company. What’s even more important is that the person must be a good fit for the particular job and its responsibilities. There is a good example of this, too. Dr. Cloud called some references when he was hiring a new person for an important position. The references were very pleased with the work the woman had done, and people had worked well with her. Her weaknesses were not considered to be large issues, and most importantly, they would hire her again, knowing what they knew. Dr. Cloud ensured that this person would be a good fit by checking to see what wake she had left at her previous jobs. The primary point is this: it is the personal aspects of character, and the wake, that are most important. Business issues can be overcome by someone, under some set of circumstances. But whether or not a person is equipped to deal with the stress of those situations is another matter. A person’s character and the wake they leave behind when working with others is the most important part of whether or not they will succeed.

Communication in the Virtual Workplace

Wal-Mart is number one in the Retail Giant Corporation across United States of America, and is the leading retail store in fifteen other countries. Wal-Mart continues to seek new and innovated ways to reach its customers on a daily basis. The store believes its success has been base upon its customers and being able to reach them with the new technologies of this Modern Age. The wave of the internet shopping has open just another door for customer that are unable to get out and shop are that are just too busy. Wal-Mart’s website is the Wal-Mart store but virtual and the website as well has lower prices that fits everyone’s budget. Wal-Mart has the slogan of rolling back prices with Smiley the Happy Face. The Wal-Mart motto is to save money and live better. The website carries an advantage over the store because a person of any age can navigate the website. Every customer can do his or her one-stop shopping from home, work or wherever there is a computer, and receive free delivery to the nearest store, let’s compare that to Target. Reflection of Wal-Mart Image and Values: Wal-Mart’s website is a great reflection on the company’s brand image. The store is a one-stop shop store and the company has designed the website as a direct duplicate of the store. In the store the customer can actually see an item unlike the website where the customer has to rely on a picture of the item. The website also carries an advantage over the store because a customer can do his or her one-stop shopping from home, work or wherever there is a computer, which is easy shopping during the holiday season. The website is worthy on the company because the website allows the customer to see what is in stock either online or at a store near the customer. Wal-Mart’s website offers their customers free shipping from website to a store near the customer unlike Target’s where the customer have to spend $50 to get free shipping. Navigation, Visitor Friendly: The website is as easy to navigate as a child learning to speak. The customer can find every department online as in the store. Wal-Mart’s focus came from its founder Sam Walton who was cheap and focused on lower prices everywhere and everyday. Mr. Walton made lower prices everyday his motto and that have been Wal-Mart’s message since 1962 and it is that very message that gives even low income families an opportunity to shop in the store and now online. Up To Date Information: The Wal-Mart web page is current and kept up-to-date with what is going on in stores around the country. The Wal-Mart motto is â€Å"Save Money, Live Better†, (Wal-Mart, 2007). A customer can utilize Wal-Mart’s website to his or her advantage by receiving better deals than the store. While analyzing the website there was one thing that stood out this was toys and video games. Wal-Mart knows the interest of its customers and understands some parent visits the stores and the website simply because of he need of new video games and toys. So Wal-Mart emphasizes video games and other toys on its website to attract children whom will alert the parents about new things. Wal-Mart then works the other angle and caters to the parents with things of interest. One of the best features about Wal-Mart’s website is the help link it offers. The help link will remain on the web page regardless of what page the customer is and it assist the customer at anytime. Evaluation of the graphic elements: The evaluation of the graphic elements of the Wal-Mart website is great. It is very eye catching for the customers like me who do not like to read. The picture’s Wal-Mart has takes you to whatever you want to look into buying. The website is designed very effectively because it assists the consumer with even purchasing the items. When a 72† plasma screen is all colorful and looking at you for a good price all you need to do is input your credit card number, address, and receive your confirmation number and within four to six weeks you will have a special delivery. Then you do not have to worry about leaving the comfort of your home and finding someone to assist you with the weight of a 72† plasma television. There are plenty of different links to help you make your final purchase and also they are in the right places at the right time. There is also a 1-800 telephone number at the bottom of some of the links to also help you with your purchase if you get a little confused or if you purchase too much when the total comes up and you may need to remove several items. Although the use of color and the multimedia is throughout the website, I do not believe it is too much. The color helps attract the customers who claim they are just looking and pulls them in to be regular customers online. Things about the website: Wal-Mart’s slogan is, â€Å"In everything we do, we’re driven by a common mission; and that is to save people money, so they can live better† (Wal-Mart, NA). That slogan is one of the many reasons why customers want to stay, rather than move on to another site. There are several reasons why customers are loyal and stay with Wal-Mart such as the straight forward facts that the customer could get news updates about Wal-Mart, the customer could download music, gift cards, and a whole lot more. The customer is able to access corporate information on Wal-Mart, employment opportunities, stock information, and the history of Wal-Mart on the website. To shop for a quality products for a low price, shop on Wal-Mart’s website! What draws the attention of the customer to the website the first time will allow the customer to return to the website many more times. â€Å"SAVE MONEY, LIVE BETTER† (Wal-Mart, NA).

Your Quick Guide to Into vs. In To

Your Quick Guide to Into vs. In To Among the commonly confused word pairings, into and in to are right there at the top. Do you turn in to the driveway or into the driveway? Do you log in to your computer or log into your computer? And does it even matter which way its written since it sounds the same both ways?First, a reviewAs with many of these commonly confused words, the answer to the riddle of which to use often lies in revisiting grammar rules that many of us simply forgot after middle school. For this particular commonly confused pairing, we need to take a look at what makes a preposition and how it functions in a sentence.PrepositionsYou might remember the grade-school textbook graphics of prepositions as positioning words, meaning they were used to show spatial relationships between objects. A cat might be in a window, on a windowsill, under a ledge, stretched around a pole, on a fence, or by a door.Prepositions also show temporal (time-based) relationships. For example, this morning, I had coffee before I s tarted writing, but after my alarm went off. During my lunch break, I read the news until it was time to write again.From that quick review of prepositions youll understand that into is a preposition and is used to show positioning- or more specifically, the literal placement of an object within another object. When you write a letter, you place it into an envelope, and then put the envelope into a mailbox. However, when you were driving along on the street and turned in to the post office parking lot to mail it, it became a situation where into as a preposition didnt fit. Think of into as something being placed literally inside something else.Now, heres the exception to the ruleIt wouldnt be English grammar if there werent some exceptions somewhere to the rules of into being a preposition. Into showing transformation is one such exception. For example, a caterpillar turns into a butterfly. Fairy Godmother transformed Cinderellas rags into a beautiful ball gown.When in and to end up togetherObviously, in and to are also prepositions and can also be used as adverbs. It would follow that there are instances when the two words will be together in a sentence, such as I dropped in to make sure youre okay. In this sentence, to is part of the infinitive phrase to make, so it would be incorrect to combine it with in typographically- even if the ear cant hear the difference.Here are some more examples of in and to being separated in the sentence:Sarah turned her car in to the parking lot. (Note that since Sarah cannot literally be inside of the parking lot and she cannot transform her car into a parking lot, in and to separated make logical sense.)Can you tune in to the radio program next Wednesday at 9 pm?Log in to the admin portal of the website to change your password.A final noteAs with any commonly confused pair of words, taking a moment to consider the grammar rules behind the mystery is the easiest way to make sure youre using each correctly when you write. Some times, all it takes is a quick review of grammar rules you learned in elementary and middle school to choose the best word and once youve done this- the choice is clear.

How to become a labor and delivery nurse

How to become a labor and delivery nurse If you’re already a registered nurse, or are thinking about becoming one, you might want to consider specializing in labor and delivery. These OB/GYN professionals provide essential support for women throughout the entire childbirth process, in a specialty that is expected to continue growing significantly over the next ten years. What do labor and delivery nurses do?Labor and delivery nurses work directly with pregnant patients from the earliest stages of labor through birth and immediate postpartum care. Their responsibilities may include the following:Supporting patients through every stage of childbirth (antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and neonatal)Inducing laborMonitoring the mother and baby’s vital signsAdministering medications and starting IV linesMeasuring contractionsIdentifying and assisting with childbirth complicationsAssisting in operations like cesarean sections (C-sections)Providing postpartum care and supportEducating and advising new mothers on po stnatal careLabor and delivery nurses typically work 12-hour shifts, including potential overnight or weekend shifts. Most labor and delivery nurses work in hospitals, but the number of birthing-specific medical centers all over the country is increasing.What skills do labor and delivery nurses have?Labor and delivery nurses have the same general skill set as all registered nurses, but also need some additional specific skills for the obstetric specialty.Medical Skills and Knowledge:Â  Nurses need to have detailed medical knowledge from an accredited educational program. Labor and delivery nurses also need to have additional knowledge of obstetrics, gynecology, and childbirth in general.Bedside Manner:Â  Labor and delivery nurses work with patients in very vulnerable and high-stress situations, so a good bedside manner (including empathy and patience) is essential.Problem Solving Skills:Â  Because of the high stakes of working with laboring and delivering patients, these nurses n eed to be prepared for everything that can possibly go wrong- and be able to troubleshoot or have a plan in place for things that can’t be anticipated. Labor and delivery nurses are responsible for monitoring patients through every stage of childbirth, helping to ensure safety at every stage.Communication Skills:Â  Part of a safe delivery is making sure that communication is happening between the medical staff and patients and ensuring that all doctors and nurses are aware of a patient’s condition and vital signs- including potential complications. Clear communication can be the most essential part of supporting a patient throughout the process.What do you need to become a labor and delivery nurse?Registered nurses need to complete an associate’s degree or bachelor’s degree program from an accredited nursing school. Additionally, nurses who choose to specialize in labor and delivery can receive additional training to become Certified Nurse Midwives or Nu rse Practitioners in obstetrics and gynecology. All states require nurses to be licensed, so be sure to check your own state’s requirements.How much do labor and delivery nurses make?According to the PayScale.com, registered labor and delivery nurses make a median salary of $61,076, or $29.92 per hour. This can increase based on level of experience.What is the outlook for labor and delivery nurses?This field has two major things going for it: the boom in healthcare careers in general, and the fact that more and more babies will continue to be born. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that registered nurse demand in general will grow by more than 16% by 2024, and the labor and delivery field will have perennial demand as well.If you’re thinking about specializing in labor and delivery nursing, it can be a very rewarding career path in the healthcare field. Good luck!

Pratt Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pratt Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example In addition, it analyses the letter that Guaman Poma wrote to King Philip III. The letter to King Philip III had two parts. The chronicles part of the letter, which the speaker refers to as the ethnography texts, refers to how people describe themselves to representations that people have made of them (Pratt 486). They are contrary to the auto ethnography texts that others construct in response to those texts. These texts merged with indigenous idioms and they often aimed at addressing metropolitan audience as well as the speaker’s own community (Pratt 487). The second half of the letter talks of good governance and justice. At the time, Guzman wrote the letter, there was exploitation of workers insane and the decrease of the labor force hence the encouragement of the system’s reforms. Guaman praises Christians, people with good habits as well as just men. Guaman wrote his text in an empire that was bureaucracy and had no established system of writing (Pratt 491). He manages to write by appropriating and adapting pieces of representational contex t That contact zones were places where the two different communities with different cultures met and interaction took place in a variety of ways. The two communities also carried out trade amongst each other and while the Andreas had gold silver, the Spaniards only had armor and guns. The speaker further says that miss comprehension, misread masterpieces, and incomprehension were some go the perils of writing in the contact zones of the Andres in the 1960s. These perils are still evident in the Trans nationalized United States (Pratt 493). Generally, the speaker talks about writing and literacy in contact zones. Contact zones in the essay refer to a place where different cultures meet and clash in contexts of relations of power such as colonialism, slavery or their aftermath (Pratt 486). The speaker

PEST Analysis OF Mount Brydges Bulldogs hockey team in Canada Research Paper

PEST Analysis OF Mount Brydges Bulldogs hockey team in Canada - Research Paper Example Mount Brydges Bulldogs allows new applications from 15 year olds to start training with other team players. Acceptance shall be dependent on the residence of the applicant and existence of a vacancy within the club training resources. Hockey is a contact game with high chances of players being injured while playing. The situation is made worse through the use of Hockey sticks while playing. Management trains its players well and provides them with comfortable and stanLard playing equipment to limit the number and magnitude of accidents hence lower lawsuits. Hockey is a big tournament in Canada with a large number of young people applying each year to join this tournament. Employment rates are low given the little number (6) of NHL franchises in Canada. The government regulates the number of teams to create a scarcity of teams hence increase competition among towns that compete to host the tournament. These regulations aim at increasing viewership and to make the tournament more popular. Canadians love watching Hockey teams lay with TV viewership averaging 1.5 million per game (Keller & McGuire, 2011). The high demand results from the stiff competition among cities to host the tournament given that few cities are homes to NHL teams. Mount Brydges Bulldogs has participated in every single tournament since 1975 with three wins. The competitive nature of the team’s management guarantees that the team will always participate and perform well at the tournaments. The huge demand for viewership of the NHL tournament has not been affected by inflation rates. Ticket sales have been high all time round given the competitive nature of the league. Inflation, however, has affected the team’s ability to provide quality safe training equipment for its players prompting management to seek support from well-wishers who will assist to pay part of the bills. NHL regulates

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Globalization and continues developing technology shows we are in a period of intense competition.  Proper management is vital in these complex environments.  The quality of manager and effective management styles can determine the culture of the organisation, the productivity of its staff, and, ultimately, success or failure. A manager should have the ability to direct, supervise, encourage, inspire, and co-ordinate, and in doing so facilitate action and guide change.   Managers develop their own leadership qualities and those of others. Management utilizes planning, organisational and communications skills.   These skills are important in leadership also, but even more so are qualities such as integrity, honesty, courage, commitment, sincerity, passion, determination, compassion and sensitivity. An effective manager of an organization should have the following skills. Creative Problem Solving Skills: Describing and analyzing a problem. Identifying causes of a problem. Developing creative options and choosing the best course of action. Implementing and evaluating effective and efficiency of the decision. Communication Skills: Listening skills. Presentation skills. Feedback Skills. Report writing skills. Conflict Management Skills: Identifying sources of conflict functional and dysfunctional conflicts. Understanding personal style of conflict resolution. Choosing the best strategy for dealing with a conflict. Developing skills in promoting constructive conflicts in organization and teams. Negotiation Skills: Distinguishing distributive and integrative negotiations, position and principle negotiation. Identifying common mistakes in negotiation and ways to avoid them. Developing rational thinking in negotiation Developing effective skills in negotiation that benefits all parties involved. Self-Awareness and Improvement: Understanding the concept of self-management. Evaluate the effectiveness of self-management. Developing creative and holistic thinking. Understanding the importance of emotions in works as well in self-development. Understand of self-motivation. Effectively managing self-learning and change. There are certain other qualities required for a good manager to manage his staff. Planner A Manager has to take a long-term view; while a team member will be working towards known and established goals, the manager must look further ahead so that these goals are selected wisely. By thinking about the eventual consequences of different plans, the manager selects the optimal plan for the team and implements it. The manager ensures that work is not repeated nor problems tackled too late, and that the necessary resources are allocated and arranged. Provider The Manager has access to information, which the team needs. The role of a manager is important because authority, which the manager holds uniquely within the team and the manager, must exercise the power for the benefit of the team for the effective productivity. Protector   In any company, there are problems, which can deflect the work force. The manager should be there to guard against these and to protect the team. If a new project emerges which not given an impossible deadline. If someone in your team brings forward a good plan, you must ensure that it receives a fair hearing and that your team knows and understands the outcome. If someone is in your team has a problem at work, you have to deal with it. Inspires a Shared Vision An effective manager is often described as having a vision of where to go and the ability to articulate it. Qualities of a Manager A manager has to direct, inspire and motivate his men at work. He has to clearly set forth the objectives for them and inject in them enthusiasm to achieve the objectives. He has to be a competent person in the area of his specialization. He must be a man of open mind, moral and emotional integrity and capable to understand and solve problems. It is difficult to give an exhaustive list of all traits and qualities which go to make a successful manager. However, some of the important traits contributing to the success of managers are as follows: Ability to think It is difficult to think and think clearly and purposefully. Ability to think in clear terms and with definite purpose in view is a must for a manager to succeed. He must be able to think rationally. Broad vision A manager must be able to take into consideration the overall effect of his functioning on the company as a whole. Sectarian view, thinking in terms of my department, is not conductive to the smooth working of the company. Therefore, a manager must take a comprehensive view of each of hia action. Clear Expression One of the functions of a manager is to direct his subordinates. It means he must communicate with them. Effective communication depends upon clarity of expression. Even the best conceived idea or instruction is worthless unless it can be communicated effectively. Therefore, Technical Ability Though a manager need not be a technician, it is necessary that he possesses the necessary degree of technical competence relating to his field. This would help him to handle his subordinates effectively. Technical skills are more important at the supervisory level. Human Relations skills Human relation skills refer to ones ability to work well with others on a person to person basis and to build up cooperative group relations to accomplish organizational goals. A manager must keep in mind that he has to lead his subordinates and not to drive them. He should possess adequate knowledge of the factors and forces which go to ensure good relations, motivate people for best of their performance and generate cooperative and competent human behavior. Good Communicator The ability to communicate with people is the most important skill by managers and team members. The Manager is also the teams link to the larger organisation. He must have the ability to effectively negotiate and use persuasion when necessary to ensure the success of the team and project. Through effective communication, manager support individual and team achievements by creating guidelines for accomplishing tasks and for the career advancement of team members. Enthusiasm If Managers are negative they bring staffs down. Manager with enthusiasm, with a bounce in their step, with a can-do attitude. Many people tend to follow people with a can-do attitude. Enthusiastic Managers are committed to their goals and express this commitment through optimism. Competence Managers will be chosen based on their ability to successfully lead others rather than on technical expertise, as in the past. Having a winning track record is the surest way to be considered competent. Expertise in management skills is another dimension in competence. The ability to challenge, inspire, enable, model and encourage must be demonstrated if managers are to be seen as capable and competent. Ability to Delegate Tasks Trust is an essential element in the relationship of manager and his or her team. You demonstrate your trust in others through your actions how much you check and control their work, how much you delegate and how much you allow people to participate. Cool Under Pressure In a perfect world, projects would be delivered on time, under budget and with no major problems or obstacles to overcome. A leader with a hardy attitude will take these problems in stride. When leaders encounter a stressful event, they consider it interesting, they feel they can influence the outcome and they see it as an opportunity. Team-Building Skills A team builder can best be defined as a strong person who provides the substance that holds the team together in common purpose toward the right objective. In order for a team to progress from a group of strangers to a single cohesive unit, the leader must understand the process and dynamics required for this transformation. He or she must also know the appropriate leadership style to use during each stage of team development. The leader must also have an understanding of the different team players styles and how to capitalise on each at the proper time, for the problem at hand. Communicate the big picture   If you want your employees to work hard and be committed to your business, you have to keep them in the loop. Open communication helps foster loyalty and gives employees a sense of pride. It helps them understand how their work contributes to the companys success. Delegate work and responsibilities Some employees, share their workload with them and assign the work according to peoples strengths and weaknesses, and let employees develop their own good work habits and abilities. Help employees set goals Setting deadlines and goals helps keep employees focused, busy and motivates them to do their work. Talk to each of your employees about the companys goals, and work with them to set individual goals directly linked to your businesss mission. Make sure employees understand their professional growth path in the company. Recognize problems It is impossible to know about personality conflicts, lagging productivity or other problems in the office if you have your head in the sand. If you notice a change in an employees work habits or attitude, try to get to the root of the problem before it starts affecting the rest of your staff. Organizational Ability A manager must be a good organizer. Ability to organise well is a quality of a vital importance to make a successful manager. Dynamic Personality A manager must possess the desire to move ahead, to introduce change for better, to do something new. He must always look for doing something bigger and better. Emotional Stability A manager must be able to keep his personal likes and dislikes away from his organizational responsibility. It means that in solving the business problems of his company, he must not allow his personal feeling to influence his decisions. This requires stable emotional feelings. Integrity A manager must enjoy the unshakable confidence of both his superiors and subordinates. Botha as a person and in his actions, he must be known as a person of high moral integrity. He must remember the saying that it is not enough to be good, one must also appear to be good. Roles of a Manager Management is the effective utilization of human and material resources to achieve the enterprise objectives. The human resources or people use material resources such as machines, materials and money. It is for the management to ensure that people use material resources in the most efficient manner. Only then the objectives of the enterprise could be achieved. For the effective utilization of resources, the workers may be given adequate instructions and training. They must also be properly motivated so that they work with devotion and loyalty for the achievement of organisational objectives. For this, every manager guides and direct the efforts of a group of persons in the organisation. He defines the objectives of his group keeping in view the overall objectives of the enterprise. Each member of the group is assigned a specific task so that the targets of the group as a whole may be achieved. This is necessary for achieving the objectives of enterprise. Some of the characteristic that are common to most of the managers are as follows: Managers spend a major portion of their time in achieving coordination between human and non-human resources. Managers do much work at an unrelenting pace. Managerial tasks are characterized by brevity, variety, and fragmentation. Managers prefer live action- brief, specific, well-defined activities that are current, non-routine, and non-reflective. Managers prefer oral to written communication. Managers maintain a vast number of contacts, spending most time with subordinates, linking them with superiors and others in a complex network. It has observed that managing involves certain functions. While performing these functions, a manager has to play multiple roles. A role consist of the behavior patterns displayed by a manager within an organisation or a functional unit. Henry Mintzberg identified ten basic roles performed by managers at all levels from foreman to chief executives and classified them under three heads: interpersonal, informational and decisional. These roles describe what managers actually do. Interpersonal Roles: The first set of behaviour concerns interpersonal roles, which include the following: Figurehead: Executive managers perform a number of ceremonial duties such as representing their firm at public affairs and overseeing official functions. Lower level managers have ceremonial duties as well, perhaps on a lesser scale, including attending employees customers. Leader: This encompasses a range of duties suggested earlier including motivating workers, guiding work-related behavior, and encouraging activities that help achieve organisational objectives. Liaison: Managers find themselves acting as liaison between groups and individuals which are part of, or come in contact with, an organisation. This liaison role is important for establishing contacts with suppliers, coordinating activities among work groups, and encouraging harmony needed to assure effective performance. Informational Roles Informational roles are concerned with communication among individuals and groups, but, managers must also be skilled in gathering and using information to help make effective decisions. They should be able communicators who can transmit information and articulate decisions. Mintzbergs three informational roles are as follows: Monitor: Managers monitor activity, solicit information, gather data, and observe behaviour. Well-informed managers are prepared for decision-making and can redirect behavior to improve organizational performance. Disseminator: Here communications are reversed. Rather than receive information, managers transmit information. Obviously, this is a crucial aspect of management. Subordinates, superiors and managers of similar work groups rely on timely of information disseminated with clarity. Spokesperson: Top executives find themselves more involved as spokespersons than lower-level managers. A firms policy on competition, its philosophy customer care and its commitment to safety are topics common in executive speeches. However, managers at all levels are spokespersons who may be called upon to represent their groups. For example, when department heads meet to discuss operating budgets, they must be prepared to present information and support budget requests of their respective departments. Decisional Roles Mintzberg identified four roles within the list of his behaviour set. These are as follows: Entrepreneur: In recent years, entrepreneurs have been identified with the commitment to innovation. Managers in complex organisation act in entrepreneurial way, by constantly trying to improve their operations. They seek new ways of using resources, new technologies for enhanced performance, and new systems of organizing human resources. Disturbance Handler: This may be the best understood role of managers because they have always had the primary responsibility for resolving problems. It may also be the most stressful role as managers seem to find themselves constantly faced with disturbances that threaten the harmony and effectiveness of the organisations. Resource Allocator: The third role links planning and organizing functions and organizing functions. Managers must plan to meet their objectives and distribute resources accordingly. There will never be sufficient time, money, materials, or manpower to accomplish all that is expected, so resource allocation offers involve carefully assigning scarce resources. Negotiator: The allocation process bears on the role of negotiator. When scarce resources must be shared among many operating units, managers with superior negotiating skills will have advantages over others. However, negotiating extends to many managerial activities both inside and outside the firm. Purchase manager. For example, negotiates material prices and terms. Personnel manager negotiates union contracts. Negotiating, of course, doesnt mean conflict but it does imply face to face bargaining between managers and employees to resolve problems or formulate performance expectations. The ability to recognize the appropriate role to be played and to change roles readily is a mark of an effective manager. However, it may be concluded that at lower level, some of the decisional roles and informational roles are more important whereas at the top level interpersonal roles and decisional roles are of greater significance. At the middle level of management, informational roles are found to be more common. Effective dealing of Problems The first step in dealing with a problem employee is to identify the trouble. Many times, a simple, honest talk with an employee will dissolve issues such as occasional tardiness or minor attitude problems. Coaching requires a manager to work one-on-one with problem employees or to assign another employee to work with the employee to overcome their shortcomings. The mentor should provide the employee with feedback and solutions for improving their performance. Coaching requires patience and a substantial time investment, but it can help modify an employees behavior. Poor performance Poor performance is not always due to a lack of skills; the employee may simply be disorganized or sloppy. These habits can usually be corrected with proper guidance. If performance difficulties relate to a lack of skills, consider coaching or additional training. Job incompatibility In some cases an employee becomes a problem because their skills arent compatible with their assigned tasks or regular duties. In this case, offering the employee additional training or assigning them a different set of tasks is usually the most appropriate course of action. Sloppy work When you notice that, an employee has made some errors, point out the mistakes to the employee and monitors their work more closely. If the problem persists, speak with the employee and detail the most serious examples of problems with their work. Remember to remain positive and focus on how important the employees contribution is to the company. Create an effective message Consider the specific informational needs of executives, middle managers, supervisors and employees, and tailor your message to fit each audience. An effective message should also explain how your employees ´ day-to-day duties directly affect the companys performance and should touch on the values and pride of the employees. A direct, face-to-face interaction can help reinforce positive attitudes inspire employees and help them adapt to the change. Listen to your employees Employee feedback is critical in managing change. Holding focus groups with employees is a great way to gauge reaction and monitor the progress of change. You also can encourage employees to provide feedback through email or the company intranet. Communication is the cornerstone to successful change management. Talking to your employees is not a one-time event, and you need to reinforce your message by communicating early and often. To be an effective manager you must know yourself, your strengths and your weaknesses, and those of the people around you.   You must know your objectives and have a plan of how to achieve them.   You must build a team of people that share your commitment to achieve those objectives, and you must help each team member to achieve their best which will be able to attain a common goal.